Maguindanao

Maguindanao
—  Province  —
Seal
Map of the Philippines with Maguindanao highlighted
Coordinates:
Country	Philippines
Region	Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)
Founded	November 22, 1973
Capital	Shariff Aguak
Government
- Governor	Esmael Mangudadatu (Lakas-Kampi-CMD)
Area
- Total	7,142.0 km2 (2,757.5 sq mi)
Area rank	11th out of 80
Population (2007)
- Total	1,273,715
- Rank	16th out of 80
- Density	178.3/km2 (461.9/sq mi)
- Density rank	45th out of 80
Divisions
- Independent cities	1
- Component cities	0
- Municipalities	36
- Barangays	492 including independent cities: 529
- Districts	1st and 2nd districts of Maguindanao (shared with Cotabato City)
Time zone	PHT (UTC+8)
ZIP Code
Spoken languages	Maguindanaoan

Maguindanao (Filipino:Mahwindanao) is a province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). Its capital is Shariff Aguak. It borders Lanao del Sur to the north, Cotabato to the east, and Sultan Kudarat to the south.

Geography

Maguindanao is composed of 36 municipalities, which are further subdivided into 492 barangays. Cotabato City is often grouped with Maguindanao, but it actually independent from the province.

The province is divided into two congressional districts. In October 2006, the first congressional district was split off into a new province, Shariff Kabunsuan. However, the ARMM's Act creating the province was nullified by the Supreme Court in July 2008, on the basis that creation of a province is a function of the Philippine legislature. The area has since reverted to the province of Maguindanao.

Government

Maguindanao is divided into two congressional districts, which elect members to the House of Representatives. For the brief period that the province of Shariff Kabunsuan existed, Maguindanao became a lone-district province. Since the appointment of a new set of provincial officials for the reunified province of Maguindanao by the ARMM Governor in January 2009, the provincial government has reverted to the Sangguniang Panlalawigan setup (coterminous with the restored 1st and 2nd Congressional districts of Maguindanao) from before Shariff Kabunsuan was created.

Having elected to join the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), Maguindanao also sends six representatives (three per district) to the ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly that convenes in Cotabato City.

History

Battle of Maguindanao
Part of World War II
Date 1945 Location Maguindanao Result Filipino Victory
Belligerents
Philippines Commonwealth Army of the Philippines Philippine Constabulary Recognized Maguindanaoan Guerrilla Units	Empire of Japan Imperial Japanese Army
Strength
56,200 Filipino Troops 5,170 Maguindanaoan Guerrillas 740 Maguindanaoan Civilian Swordmen	27,000 Japanese Troops
Casualties and losses
260 killed 1,244 wounded	6,000 killed 10,200 wounded 1,000 captured

Shariff Mohammed Kabungsuwan of Johore introduced Islam in the area at the end of the 15th century. He subsequently married a local princess from the Iranun Tribe of Malabang and Maguindanao Province, and established the Sultanate of Maguindanao. The Cotabato Valley formed the sultanate's heartland but its influence extended from the Zamboanga Peninsula to Sarangani Bay and Davao.

The Spaniards launched expeditions to subdue the area throughout the colonial era but they never gained control of the region until the middle of the 19th century.

During the American period, Cotabato became a district of the Moro Province created in 1903 and a province of the Department of Mindanao and Sulu in 1914.

In 1942, the Japanese Imperial forces entered what is now Maguindanao.

In 1945, Maguindanao was liberated by allied Philippine Commonwealth troops and Maguindanaoan guerrilla units after defeating the Japanese Imperial forces in the Battle of Maguindanao during the Second World War.

The old province of Cotabato was divided in 1966 into Cotabato and South Cotabato. In 1973, the successor province of Cotabato was split into the provinces of Maguindanao, (North) Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat.

Maguindanao is the only Muslim-majority province of the four created out of the original Cotabato Province. In 1989, majority of its voters opted to join the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao but Cotabato City did not, which, ironically, has since served as the provisional capital of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM).

On October 31, 2006, Maguindanao voters approved the creation of a new province to be composed of 10 towns from the province. Of more than 500,000 voters registered, 285,372 favored the creation of the province, and 8,802 voted against it. The new province, Shariff Kabunsuan, became the country's 80th province and the 6th in the ARMM. It was composed of the towns of Datu Odin Sinsuat, Kabuntalan, Upi, Sultan Kudarat, Datu Blah T. Sinsuat, Sultan Mastura, Parang, Buldon, Matanog and Barira. However, in July 2008, the Supreme Court nullified the province's creation, restoring its municipalities to Maguindanao.

2009 election violence

On November 23, 2009, a 2010 gubernatorial election caravan supporting Esmael Mangudadatu, vice mayor of Buluan, was attacked.^[1] Fifty-seven people were killed, including Mangudadatu's wife and sisters, supporters, local journalists, and bystanders.^[2] On December 4, 2009 a number of homes belonging to the Ampatuan political family were raided in connection with the massacre.^[3]

President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo officially declared martial law in the province of Maguindanao on December 5, 2009, Saturday morning.^[4]

In a press conference past 7 am, Executive Secretary Eduardo Ermita announced Proclamation No. 1959 declaring a state of martial law and suspending the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus in the province of Maguindanao, except for certain areas identified as bailiwicks of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) separatists.

The declaration of martial law will lead to the "arrests without warrants" of other members of the Ampatuan family who have been linked to the November 23 massacre of 58 civilians.^[5]

2010 Local Elections

Musical heritage

The native Maguindanaon culture revolves around kulintang music, a specific type of gong music, found among both Muslim and non-Muslim groups of the Southern Philippines.

Notes

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} The number of barangays includes two barangays (Macalag and Tuntungan) that have been divided between this municipality and Datu Unsay. However, the population count does not include inhabitants from these divided barangays.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1} The number of barangays includes ten barangays (Alonganan, Balakanan, Buayan, Dado, Damabalas, Duaminanga, Kalipapa, Liong, Magaslong and Masigay) that have been divided between this municipality and Datu Salibo. However, the population count does not include inhabitants from these divided barangays.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1} The number of barangays includes ten barangays (Alonganan, Balakanan, Buayan, Dado, Damabalas, Duaminanga, Kalipapa, Liong, Magaslong and Masigay) that have been divided between this municipality and Datu Piang, and one barangay (Pagatin) that have been divided between this municipality and Datu Saudi-Ampatuan. However, the population count does not include inhabitants from these divided barangays.
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1} The number of barangays includes one barangay (Pagatin) that has been divided between Datu Salibo and Shariff Saydona Mustapha, and possibly this municipality too (as legislation is unclear as to whether any portion of Brgy. Pagatin actually remains with Datu Saudi-Ampatuan). However, the population count does not include inhabitants from this barangay.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1} The number of barangays includes two barangays (Macalag and Tuntungan) that have been divided between this municipality and Datu Hoffer Ampatuan. However, the population count does not include inhabitants from these divided barangays.
6. ↑ ^{6.0 6.1} The number of barangays includes one barangay (Libutan) that has been divided between this municipality and Shariff Saydona Mustapha. However, the population count does not include inhabitants from this barangay.
7. ↑ The population count does not include inhabitants from two barangays (Lapok and Tapikan), because at the time of the 2007 Census these two barangays still included the population of recently-created Brgys. Datu Bakal and Datu Kilay, now part of Shariff Saydona Mustapha.
8. ↑ ^{8.0 8.1} The number of barangays includes one barangay (Pagatin) that has been divided between this municipality and Datu Salibo, and another barangay (Libutan) that has been divided between this municipality and Mamasapano. However, the population count does not include inhabitants from these divided barangays.

References

• COMELEC Resolution No. 8169
• COMELEC Plebiscite Results for 3 new Maguindanao municipalities

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